Phosphorus Solubilizing Patterns of Different Phosphorus Sources in Rice Cultivation, Sri Lanka: A Case Study

J.M.G.M. Karunarathne; J.P.H.U. Jayaneththi

doi:10.47494/mesb.v26i.1466

(1) J.M.G.M. Karunarathne Department of Engineering and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Puliyankulama, Sri Lanka
Uzbekistan
(2) J.P.H.U. Jayaneththi Department of Engineering and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Puliyankulama, Sri Lanka
Uzbekistan
(*) Corresponding Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47494/mesb.v26i.1466

Keywords:

Biofilms, Biofilm-ERP, Eppawala rock phosphate, Phosphorus solubilization pattern, Triple super phosphate

Abstract

Biofilm enriched Eppawala Rock Phosphate (Biofilm-ERP) has been identified as a potential alternative for Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) application for rice cultivation in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. This is currently practiced in a few rice growing districts in Sri Lanka with the name of biofilm-ERP practice showing the most promising results in rice cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate the Phosphorus (P) solubilizing patterns of biofilm-ERP over the Department of Agriculture (DOA) recommended full TSP dosage (2013)(CFE) for rice.

For the treatments, a modified chemical fertilizer (CFM) mixture was developed by replacing TSP in the DOA recommendation (CFE) from biofilm- ERP. Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) levels were maintained as per the DOA recommendations and control was maintained without any fertilizer amendments. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates. Soil pH, available N and P, organic matter (OM), and microbial biomass C were measured at the initially and end of the experiment. Solubilized P was recovered by leaching in two weekly intervals for up to three months. A significant effect was observed among the P solubilization patterns of treatments. Accordingly, the significantly (p<0.05) highest solubilized P was recorded with biofilm-ERP practice with a slightly increasing trend. Further, this pattern showed a slowly increasing trend over the solubilization period being caused by microbial assimilation of P and releasing of P into soil followed by microbial decomposition obviously with microbial biomass C measurements. The CFE solubilized the P also with a slightly increasing trend but it was significantly lower than the biofilm-ERP. In conclusion, biofilm-ERP was identified as the most outstanding P solubilizer with a sustained pattern for solubilized P. Hence, this biofilm-ERP would be an effective alternative for TSP for rice cultivation in near future. However, further field studies are needed for concrete findings.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anderson, J.H. and Ingram, J.S.I. (1993). Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility: A Handbook of Methods, CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 94-122pp.

Anderson, J.P.E. and Domsch, K.H. (1978). A physiological method for the quantitative measurement of microbial biomass in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 10: 215-221pp.

Baker, K.F. (1976). The determination of organic carbon in soil using a probe – colorimeter: Laboratory practice, United Trade Press,London, 25: 82-83pp.

Chen, Y.P., Rekha, P.D., Arunshen, A.B., Lai, W.A. and Young, C.C. (2006). Phosphate solubilizing bacteria from subtropical soil and their tricalcium phosphate solubilizing abilities. Applied Soil Ecology, 34: 33-41pp.

Dahanayake, K., Ratnayake, M.P.K and Sunil, P.A. (1995). Potential of eppawala apatite as a directly applied low-cost fertilizer for rice production in Sri Lanka. Fertilizer Research, 41: 145–150pp.

Ekanayake, H.K.J. (2009). The impact of fertilizer subsidy on paddy cultivation in Sri Lanka. Staff studies, 36:1.

Jayanethti, J.P.H.U., Seneviratne, G., Madawala, H.M.S.P. and Amarasekara, M.G.T.S. (2021). Microbially improved Phosphorous fertilizer for rice cultivation. International Journal of Research and Innovations in Earth Science,7:6,86-94pp.

Jayasinghearachchi, H.S. and Seneviratne, G. (2004). A bradyrhizobial-Penicillium spp. biofilm with nitrogenase activity improves N2 fixing symbiosis of soybean. Biology and fertility of soils, 40: 432-434pp.

Jianbo Shen, Lixing Yuan, Junling Zhang, Haigang Li, Zhaohai Bai, Xinping Chen, Weifeng Zhang, Fusuo Zhang.(2011). Phosphorus Dynamics: From Soil to Plant, Plant Physiology, 156: 3, 997–1005pp

Mala, W.J., Kumari, I.S., Sumanasena, H.A. and Nanayakkara, C.M.(2010). Effective spore density of Glomus mosseae, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM), for inoculation of root cuttings of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.). Tropical Agricultural Research, 21: 189-197pp.

NIFS. Retrieved on 24 January 2019 from http://nifs.ac.lk/?page_id=576,2013.

Nyambati, R.O. and Opala, P.A. (2014). The effect of minjingu phosphate rock and triple superphosphate on soil phosphorus fractions and maize yield in Western Kenya. ISRN Soil Science.

Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S. and Dean, L.A.(1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular No.939

Panabokke, C.R. (1996). Soils and agro-ecological environments of Sri Lanka. Natural resources series.

Pierzynski, G.M., Vance, G.F. and Sims, J.T. (2005). Soils and environmental quality. CRC press.

Portch, S and Hunter, A. (2002). A systematic approach to soil fertility evaluation and improvement. Canpotex limited, Hong Kong.

Premarathna, H.M.P.L., Hettiarachchi, G.M. and Indraratne, S.P. (2011) Pedologist, 230-240pp.

Senanayake, S.M.P and Premaratne, S.P.(2016). An Analysis of Paddy Rice value chains in Sri lanka, ASARC Working Paper, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Seneviratne, G. and Jayasinghearachchi, H.S. (2005). A rhizobial biofilm with nitrogenase activity alters nutrient availability in soil. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37: 1975-1978pp.

Sharma, J. and Patel, P.M. (2013). Evaluation Anti-bacterial activity of methologic extract of plant Revea Ornata. International Journal of Pharmacy, 4: 233-234pp.

Sharma Seema,B., Sayyed Riyaz, Z., Trivedi Mrugesh, H. and Gobi Thivakaran, A.(2013). Phosphate solubilizing microbes: sustainable approach for managing phosphorus deficiency in agricultural soil. SpringerPlus,2: 587pp.

Silver, W.L., Neff, J., McGroddy, M., Veldkamp, E., Keller, M. and Cosme, R. (2000). Effects of soil texture on belowground carbon and nutrient storage in a lowland Amazonian forest ecosystem. Ecosystems, 3:193-209pp.

Stanford, G. and Smith, S. J.(1972). Nitrogen mineralization potential of soils. Soil Science Society of American Proceedings, ARS, USDA, 465-472pp.