THE PROBLEM OF POLYFUNCTIONALITY IN THE TRADITIONAL AND COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS

– This article describes in detail the study of multifunctional words in traditional linguistics by world and Uzbek scientists. Its relation to concomitant phenomena – homonymy and polysemy is expressed. It is noted that in computational linguistics, the question about the functional vocabulary is not understood, not solved the question of its purpose in the housing, on the agenda posed the need for prompt decision of this question by establishing a theoretical framework for the differentiation of polyfunctional vocabulary in information retrieval system.


I.Introduction
The study of polyfunctionality in world linguistics.Multifunctionality is a process that is associated with the phenomenon of conversion.A.S.Akhmanova describes in the dictionary of linguistic terms that "Conversion is the phenomenon of a certain word passing to another part of speech without taking any affixes" [1].In linguistics, the concept of polyfunctionality is extremely diverse.This phenomenon, which is found in many works of modern Russian scientists, sometimes refers to completely different languages.Polyfunctionality is distinguished as a feature of units of language levels: researchers speak about polyfunctionality of morphemes, words (word forms), and also about polyfunctionality of expressions.Multifunctionality is sometimes more narrow, sometimes quite widely understood.We put this term from lower-level units to higher-level units in accordance, choosing the main ones. 1) polyfunctionality of a morpheme is the ability to act simultaneously as an affix and a core.: "in Esperan, word-forming morphemes (i.e., both suffixes and the core of independent nouns and verbs) are considered quite regular..." [Plungyan, 2000].
2) polyfunctionality of a word as its polysemy is the ability of a word form to Express different semantic meanings in different syntactic situations, to implement one or another lexical-semantic version of the lexeme [Brizgunova, 1997;Vsevolodova, 2000].The textbook by M. V. Vsevolodova speaks about the polyfunctionality of adverbs.
3) the polyfunctionality of a word form is manifested in the fact that its syntactic structure, lexical composition, intonation, and interaction of semantic connections can change the meaning of the context [Vsevolodova 2000;Vyazovik 1981;Leikina 1979, etc.].

II.Literature review
As it turned out, polyfunctionality -(from the Greek "polu" a lot and from lat. "funstio" performance, implementation, activity) a combination of different functions in one harmony.In linguistics, the concept of polyfunctionality is extremely diverse.Polyfunctionality is distinguished as a feature of units of varying degrees.Some researchers identify polyfunctionality of morphemes, while others speak words (word forms).
The uniqueness of polyfunctionality in language units has always been known to linguists.But at different times, the attitude to this fact was different.In particular, in Russian linguistics, the important role of polysemy in the language movement has always been recognized within the traditional direction; on the contrary, the vagueness of the word in structuralist concepts is not taken into account as an expectorant state.For this reason, the multiplicity that is always present in language causes linguists to have vague thoughts [10].The lexical meaning of some words is obtained when words confuse polyfunctionality with polysemy and sometimes do not distinguish polysemy from homonymy.In many linguistic works, polyfunctionality is considered as related to the phenomenon of homonymy [Vinogradov 1977;Luria 1979;Kolesnikov 1984;Malakhovsky 1990;Lapteva 1999;Starodumova 2002].

III.Analysis
Polysemy is when a certain word has several lexical meanings [7].And the occurrence of polyfunctionality in words is associated with conversion.Conversion is the phenomenon of a certain word passing to another part of speech without taking any affixes [11].Some lexical meaning of the word by conversion will also be given in the polyfunctional case of the same word, taking the function of the second digit and noting.In a sentence where a good speaker speaks good (well), the adjective is "good" used in its function, and in the role of an adverbadverbialization occurs, a polyfunctional word is formed.It should be said again that the auxiliary meaning of verbs also does not form the composition of the word polysemous.On the contrary, it performs a subordinate task.Accordingly, we can say that it will also become a tool for polyfunctionality [9].Currently, along with studying the issues of polyfunctionality in important parts of speech, a method

Middle European Scientific Bulletin, VOLUME 5, OCTOBER 2020
for describing polyfunctional service units is being developed.In many linguistic studies devoted to the semi-functionality of lexical units, the peculiarity of the system relations of each word, reflected in the description of the word in the works of Hume, Pleskina, Leonenko, Starodumova, Zaitseva, Bolotova, Skripnikova, Sergeeva, Kravchenko, Krylova, arises from the need to distinguish such a unit from the class of their analogues [18].
The pragmatic polyfunctionality of discursive words was studied by Viktorova [5].The problem of linguistic multiplicity is widely discussed in modern linguistics.Researchers talk a lot about the multiplicity of language, speech, syntactic, lexical and lexico-grammatical, routine and irregular, intonation multiplicity, syncretism, enantiosemia, and homonymy diffusion.
"We can introduce polyfunctionality in the concept of "syntactic derivation" in different syntactic functionswhile maintaining a single semantic invariant," says E.A.Starodumova.A syntactic derivative is a form with the same lexical meaning as the original form of a word that performs a different syntactic function.We use the term "derivation" not only in the broad sense that some words are formed from other words, but also the same word can appear in different syntactic forms" (Kurilovich, 1962).E. Kurilovich considers syntactic derivation that Important words are related to each other, E. A. Starodumova claims that a similar phenomenon occurs in the field of auxiliary words [13].
On the multifunctional nature of immutable words of V. V. Vinogradov writes: "the function of adverbs, prepositions, conjunctive and modal words can be combined in a single word" (e.g., opposite (opposite side) (Vinogradov, 1940).)A.S.Akhmanov understand the connection between meaningful and non-words like multifunctionality, including, if "verbal similarity" is not broken: how (adverb and conjunction) when (adverb and conjunction), well (adverb and particle) etc. (Akhmanova, 1957).Similarly, this phenomenon is evaluated by other researchers (Ledenev, 1969;Krivonosov, 1975).
Polyfunctionality can be located within a single grammar class.Polyfunctionality is common in the field of auxiliary words.This is especially true for unions and particles.The semantic unit of Such words was reliably proved by Cheremisina that: "in a given position, the Union assumes the function of the particle, and Vice versa, in certain positions, the particle assumes the function of the Union" (Cheremisina, 1976).The phenomenon of polyfunctionality is otherwise called grammatical homonymy, these terms are completely synonymous.V.V.Vinogradov divides homonymy into grammatical homonymy (polyfunctionality) and lexical homonymy (homonymy).A.T.Krivonosov writes: "If we follow the tradition, we can assume that polyfunctional lexemes that preserve the semantic invariant during the transition from class to class are homonymous lexemes" (Krivonosov, 1975).
In modern English, there are categories of words that have the property of polyfunctionality.In English, the problem of polyfunctionality is related to the division of words into lexical and grammatical categories.In English, where there is no system of morphological oppositions, but the types of expanded and syntactic connections are not always clearly defined, one or more of these parts of speech in a word can cause difficulties both in theory and in practice [8].

IV.Discussion
A study of polyphony in the Uzbek linguistics.M.Mirtozhiev in the book "Semasiology of the Uzbek language" addresses the problem of polyfunctionality when thinking about polysemy and its accompanying phenomena.If we assume that polysemy has several lexical meanings of a given word, then the occurrence of polyfunctionality in words is associated with conversion.Linguist A.Khodzhiev in the "Explanatory dictionary of linguistics terms" describes the conversion as follows: "Conversion (from lat.Sopoagarotation, shift).The word itself does not change phonetically or morphologically; it moves from one category of word to another category of word, thus forming a new word [14].Some lexical meaning of the word by conversion will also be given in the polyfunctionality of the same word, taking the function of the second category and noting.In connection with this the scientist will focus on comments word "Barkash" in the "Explanatory dictionary of the Uzbek language": 1.This is a household appliance made of brass or copper and used instead of a tray, in the form of a circle or four corners.2. Portable.Circle, flange, spherical.The scientist justifiably claims that the 2nd ordinal number does not give a figurative (derived) value, it is about adjectivation of the lexical value given in the 1st ordinal number, that in this place the lexical value is addressed by its own sign, so that the derivative should be blurred as polyfunctional, and not as multi-valued.
Similar again, the word lame has the lexical meaning "lame".If a person with such a disadvantage is named in the same word, the adjective becomes substantive, that is, the object is called the name of the sign-the multi-voiced word is preserved.In a sentence where a good speaker speaks good, it is used in its function, and in the role of an adverbadverbialization occurs, a polyfunctional word is formed.It should also be said that the auxiliary meaning of verbs also does not form the composition of polysemous words.On the contrary, it performs a grammatical task.We can say that it will also become a means of polyfunctionality [9].
Zh.D.Eltazarov's monograph "Communication and migration in the paradigm of speech categories" is devoted to the theory of speech categories of the Uzbek language, problems of communication and migration in speech categories.The paper presents a classification of word categories corresponding to the grammatical nature of the Uzbek language, examines historical-geneological, hierarchical and intellectual relations in the paradigm of word categories, cases of transition between members of the paradigm.The scientist emphasizes that in verbal categories, polyfunctionality is not always manifested in the transition style.In particular, the pronoun does not pass into other phrases, but serves as a pronoun Middle European Scientific Bulletin, VOLUME 5, OCTOBER 2020 of several CRS.Semi-functionality between auxiliary parts of speech cannot be called a complete transition.The polyfunctional nature of a noun in speech interprets its connection with the concept of broad and polysemous substantiality in the same semantic sense, with its application in an unconventional position to the extent that the same broad categorical meaning is possible in a sentence [15].
Uzbek linguistics also studies the polysemantics of suffixes, syntactic constructions, and terms [2].Terms are polysemous, polyfunctional, and homonymous.Polyfunctional terms in which the property of polysemy is reduced, but does not reach the degree of homonymy, are used in different areas with separate meanings.For example: morphology 1 (in biology), morphology 2 (in linguistics) [3].
M. Ernazarova points out that the plural indicator [s] is a system consisting of the integrity of form and meaning, that is, a system of speech events, that is, the position of the speech system as an element, and the very presence in the structure of this dynamic system as a Microsystem occurs on the basis of synergetic laws.This indicates that there is a phenomenon of polyphony in the indicative, that is, its General grammatical meaning is decomposed in the process of speech outcomeit is initially divided into intermediate grammatical values, and intermediate grammatical values, respectively, into particular grammatical values [16].
The conclusion is that language, which is the most important means of communication between people, has a multifunctional property [6].Indeed, it is characterized not only by performing a communicative task, but also by preserving native speakers ' knowledge about the object, transmitting it to the future generation, influencing the listener, and evaluating it in relation to a certain information object.It is correctly noted that "the international artificial language, despite some advantages of its system, does not function as a multifunctional language of the individual.It is secondary, an assistant in relation to natural national languages [12].Apparently, as a social phenomenon, language itself has a multifunctional nature.Therefore, it is natural that its units of internal structure also acquire a polyfunctional property.

V.Conclusion
The phenomenon of polyfunctionality in computational linguistics.In computational linguistics, a number of studies have been conducted on the problem of homonymy and polysemy of vocabulary, concerning automatic text reading, as well as the elimination of homonymy and polysemy.We did not observe that any research was conducted on polyfunctionality in computational linguistics, automatic implementation of word meaning differentiation.This, in our opinion, is due to the fact that there is no single scientific conclusion on this phenomenon.In the article "Polysemy of a discursive word and its possible resolution in the context of a sentence (using the word here)", Kobozeva gives some comments on the fact that the word here, being a multifunctional word, performs both the function of a particle and a pronoun, and also provides some arguments for its expression in the Russian national corpus.Based on research conducted in the traditional direction of Uzbek linguistics on polyfunctionality, in the future we will try to pay attention to collocation in the semantic filtering of polyfunctional words, to the issues of lexical-morphological and syntactic factors in the semantic filtering of polyfunctional words in the text.